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 Multan First War



The First Battle of Multan took place during the Anglo-Sikh Wars in 1848. Here's an overview of the events leading up to and during the battle:

Background:

  • The Anglo-Sikh Wars were a series of conflicts between the British East India Company and the Sikh Empire in the Punjab region of South Asia.
  • In the early 19th century, the Sikh Empire, under Maharaja Ranjit Singh, had expanded its territory and emerged as a formidable power in the region.
  • However, after Ranjit Singh's death in 1839, internal conflicts and power struggles weakened the Sikh Empire, leading to tensions with the British.

Events:

  • The First Anglo-Sikh War began in December 1845 with the Battle of Mudki, followed by the Battle of Ferozeshah and the Battle of Aliwal in January 1846.
  • The British forces, led by Sir Hugh Gough and Sir Henry Hardinge, achieved mixed results in these battles, but ultimately, the Sikh forces were forced to retreat.
  • In April 1848, a revolt broke out in Multan against the Sikh administration, led by Diwan Mulraj, the governor of Multan.
  • The revolt was triggered by various factors, including discontent among soldiers over unpaid salaries and grievances against the Sikh administration's policies.
  • The British initially attempted to negotiate with Mulraj to resolve the situation peacefully, but the talks failed.
  • On 18 June 1848, British forces, under the command of General Whish, besieged Multan.
  • The siege lasted for several months, during which both sides suffered casualties.
  • On 22 January 1849, after a prolonged siege and with the arrival of additional British reinforcements, Mulraj surrendered, effectively ending the First Battle of Multan.

Aftermath:

  • Following the surrender of Multan, the British consolidated their control over the Punjab region.
  • The annexation of Multan marked a significant victory for the British East India Company in the First Anglo-Sikh War.
  • The subsequent Treaty of Lahore, signed in March 1849, formally ended the war and resulted in the annexation of the Punjab by the British.

The First Battle of Multan played a crucial role in the British conquest of the Punjab and the eventual consolidation of British rule in the Indian subcontinent.


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